Methane Emissions Regulated by Microbial Community Response to the Addition of Monensin and Fumarate in Different Substrates

Ruminants contribute significantly to global methane (CH4) emissions. This study aimed evaluate the in vitro effects of monensin sodium salt (MSS) and disodium fumarate (DF) on CH4 production, rumen fermentation, microbial community, with different substrates. The addition MSS DF, alone combination, reduced concentration production (p < 0.05), while vinasse as substrate, was higher for forage. highest propionate lowest acetate propionic ratio (A:P) values were all observed cultures added combination 14 mmol/L DF 80 mg/kg both substrates, suggesting that these additives improved fermentation efficiency. diversity indexes prokaryotic microbiota forage substrate than vinasse, there depending incubated substrate. Supplementation increased number starch degradation reducing bacteria, decreased methanogens, but had no significant effect fibrolytic bacteria. pH, NH3-N, volatile fatty acids (VFA) main factors influencing community structure. In conclusion, basal substrates (forage vinasse) mitigation (MSS DF) have interactions composition.